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Algae fuels

Industrially-produced biological material that can get a plane in the air, with a carbon footprint far less than that of today – how cool is that? No wonder airlines are interested.

Most of today’s biofuels are made from plants cultivated on land that could have been used for food production. At the same time, the need to produce more food will increase dramatically as the global population increases, and there will be clear limitations on how much biofuel can be produced sustainably without the use of entirely new techniques and resources. Therefore, industrial production of biomaterial, especially algae, is particularly interesting. Micro-algae breed astonishingly quickly and can contain a high oil yield. Compared with traditional crops, algae can produce 30 times more energy per unit area. Algae can also be cultivated on land that is unsuitable for traditional farming. Growing algae is well-suited to hot, sunny, dry climates like deserts.

Large commercial producers have already begun to develop technology to produce biodiesel and aviation fuel from algae. Several test flights have been carried out this year. The US Department of Defence has begun a significant research and development programme directed towards the production of aviation fuel from algae. Martin Porsgaard in SAS is among those industry leaders with great expectations for biofuels. He says that SAS’s goal is to operate on 50 percent biofuel which will substantially reduce greenhouse gas emissions from aviation. This is an element in SAS’s plans to halve the carbon footprint of their passengers by 2020.

Like SAS, Boeing’s management also believes that algae-based fuels have huge potential as a source of aviation fuel. Boeing and SAS, together with several other airlines, belong to a group promoting the development and commercialisation of sustainable biofuels for aviation.